The 1978 constitution give emphasis to the sovereignty of the people and its inalienable rights. It also introduced the Unicameral Parliament in which the President is vested with legislative and executive power. Under the new constitution the Judiciary branch will be independent and will secure the fundamental rights. An Ombudsman was also provided in the new constitution to investigate public grievances against Government Institutions and State officers.

Executive Branch
The executive power lies to the President. The President is the Head of State, Head of the Executive, Head of the Government and also the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. Election to the office is by popular vote (more than 50% of votes) for a six-year term which is eligible for a second term. The President has the power to recognize and appoint Prime Ministers, Cabinet Ministers, Chief of Justice as well as the other Judges of Supreme Court, Ambassadors, High Commissioners, Plenipotentiaries and other diplomats.

The President has the power to initiate a referendum on any bill on any issue concerning nation importance as well as to declare war and peace. He also has the discretion to decide for a proclamation of a state of emergency. The office of the President shall be vacant on his death, resignation, loss of citizenship, willful failure to assume office within two weeks upon the date of commencement, or if he is removed from the office by the Supreme Court due to corruption, election void, treachery, transgression, etc.

The President appoints a Prime Minister that serves as his deputy, which leads the ruling party in the Parliament as well as the head of the cabinet of ministers. In case of the president’s absence or incapability to execute his duties the Prime Minister will be appointed to discharge powers, exercise duties and perform functions of the President until Parliament summon a new election. The Prime Minister may also appoint one of the members of the Cabinet to act as Prime Minister. If for some instance the Prime Minister is unable to perform his duty, the President may assign the Speaker to exercise, perform and discharge the powers, duties and function of the office of the President during such time.